Egypt s Ministry of Transport said in a statement Tuesday that it has been distributing medical face masks to workers and passengers at Cairo metro stations at peak times and in busy stations, and to passengers on busy train lines, as a precautionary measure to prevent the spread of coronavirus. The Egyptian Company for Metro Management and Operation announced that it has been distributing face masks to passengers on the metro s three lines at peak hours. According to the statement, the company has been distributing masks in station halls, at ticket offices, on platforms and inside trains. The statement added that the metro company will continue to sterilise metro trains and stations during and after daily operation hours. The metro company added that it has installed posters approved by the Ministry of Health in all metro stations about the symptoms of coronavirus and how to prevent infection. The metro company also broadcast through station internal broadcasting facilities the dos and don ts for virus protection.

Egypt and Saudi Arabia are operating limited flights between the two countries to facilitate the return of their nationals, authorities in both countries said, after the Gulf kingdom suspended travel to and from some countries including Egypt. Egypt s flagship airline EgyptAir said early on Tuesday that it is temporarily operating flights to Saudi Arabia from Tuesday till 24 March to "bring back Egyptians stuck in the kingdom". The national carrier will run two daily flights from the port city of Jeddah to Cairo, one daily trip from Medina to Cairo, in addition to flights from the cities of Riyadh, Dammam, Qassim and Abha, it added in a statement. On Monday, Saudi Arabia suspended travel to nine countries, including Egypt, over coronavirus fears and banned the entry of people from those countries or any traveller who has been there in the past 14 day. However, the Saudi Embassy in Cairo later said that flights between the two countries on Saudi and Egyptian airlines would be operated on Tuesday and Wednesday to take its citizens back home. Egypt s foreign ministry said the decision only applies to Saudi nationals present in Egypt and does not include Egyptians. According to official figures, Egyptian airports usually have nearly 70 daily flights between the two countries, mostly operated by EgyptAir and Saudi Airlines. Egypt announced late on Monday that the number of coronavirus cases in the country has risen climbed to 59, with the health ministry saying on Tuesday that 26 of patients have now tested negative for the virus. Egypt reported on Sunday that a German national was the first coronavirus patient to die in the country. Saudi Arabia detected five new cases of the coronavirus late on Monday, bringing the total number of cases to 20, including one Egyptian man who arrived from Egypt to the kingdom, the kingdom s health ministry said.

The Egyptian consulate general in Milan issued a statement on Sunday calling on all Egyptians in northern Italy to be cautious over the coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic in the northern parts of the country. The consulate urged all expats to adhere to necessary preventive measures by avoiding crowded places and limiting their outings, especially for the elderly, adding that it is in communication with Italian authorities to check on Egyptian expats. The consulate also asserted the need to report any coronavirus cases among the Egyptian expat community via its official social network page, its emergency number (3890048448), or the email of the Egyptian diplomatic mission in Italy (Consolatogenerale.egitto.milano@gmail.com). Italy has locked down much of its northern region, including the financial capital Milan, in an attempt to contain the outbreak of coronavirus, which saw the number of deaths leap sharply again on Sunday. Egypt s foreign ministry announced last week that at least two Egyptian expats in northern Italy had contracted the coronavirus and that the consulate was following up on their cases. There are 560,000 Egyptians living in Italy, according to a 2017 census by the Central Agency for Public Mobilisation and Statistics. Italy is considered the epicentre of the coronavirus outbreak in Europe.

Egyptian Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry embarked Saturday on a seven Arab countries regional tour, the Egyptian foreign ministry said. Shoukry s first stop is in Amman, Jordan. According to statements of the foreign ministry, Shoukry is going to hand over letters from President Abdel-Fattah El-Sisi to his counterparts in the Arab countries he is visiting. In a tweet Saturday, Iraqi Foreign Minister Mohamed Ali El-Hakeem said that Shoukry was going to visit Baghdad Sunday as his second stop where he would hand over a message from President El-Sisi to Iraqi President Barham Salih. Shoukry s tour includes Jordan, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, Bahrain and the UAE.

US mining company Sprott and mining group La Mancha intend to bid on Egypt s international gold mining tender this month, while Canada s Kinross Gold plans to make large investments in the country s mining sector, Egypt s oil ministry said. Egypt will launch a tender for gold mining in the mineral-rich Eastern Desert in mid-March, with blocks planned to be awarded to bidders within four months. The country passed a new mining law last year to encourage exploration and production. The law removes the requirement for mining companies to enter into joint ventures with the Egyptian government and sets a cap of 20 percent on state royalties. Chairman of Sprott US holdings Rick Rule expressed his company s "desire to take part in the international gold exploration tender" during his meeting with Egypt s Oil Minister Tarek El-Molla, the ministry said in a statement on Wednesday. The minister is holding talks with top executives from world mining firms on the sideline of an international mining conference in Toronto, Canada. La Mancha Group, which is chaired by Egyptian billionaire Naguib Sawiris, will also take part in the bidding round; it promised to "funnel large investments in mining in Egypt," the ministry added. The oil minister discussed the details of the bidding round with La Mancha Executive Vice-President Vincent Benoit, and said that Egypt will carry out a seismic survey of 500,000 square kilometers in the Western Desert to "support future tenders " in the region. This would be followed by continuous surveys of other areas with gold potential nationwide, he added. Officials from Canadian-based miner Kinross Gold Corp also said they plan to put large investments into Egypt, and to make the county among its "top five priorities for its global investments in the coming years".

Egyptian convicted top militant Hisham Ashmawy was executed by hanging on Wednesday morning, the military said in a statement. Ashmawy was captured in the eastern Libyan city of Derna in late 2018 and was handed over to Egypt by forces loyal to commander Khalifa Haftar in May last year. He s been described as the country s most dangerous terrorist. He was handed two death sentences after being convicted of orchestrating several high-profile terror attacks. "Today, the death sentence by hanging was carried out on terrorist defendant Hisham Ali Ashmawi," the military said in an audio statement posted on its official Facebook page. Ashmawy, a former Egyptian special forces officer, led Sinai-based Ansar Bayt Al-Maqdis, Egypt s most active militant group. He broke off after the group swore allegiance to the Islamist State group in late 2014. The army said Ashmawy was convicted in 14 crimes including a prominent 2014 ambush that killed 22 Egyptian military border guards near the frontier with Libya and a failed assassination attempt on a former interior minister in 2013. Other crimes listed include targeting ships in the Suez Canal and involvement in deadly assaults on security buildings and armoured vehicles. Earlier this week, a criminal court sentenced Ashmawy to death after convicting him and 36 others of terrorism charges in over 50 crimes including murder of policemen. He received another death sentence in November 2019 by a military court over similar charges. Ashmawy sneaked into Libya to join the militant Ansar Al-Sharia group and later founded a new Al-Qaeda-aligned group called Al-Mourabitoun after switching his allegiance away from the Islamic State group, the military had said earlier.

Egypt is fully confident that China, as a super power, will defeat coronavirus at the earliest time possible, Health and Population Minister Hala Zayed said on Monday. Zayed made her remarks during a press conference held at the Egyptian embassy in Beijing on the fringe of her visit to China, upon the directives of President Abdel Fattah El Sisi, to show solidarity with the Chinese people against the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. China has provided Egypt with 1,000 virus detectors along with the updated version of the technical documents illustrating the precautionary measures taken against the epidemic, which will be of great use to contain the virus spread, Zayed noted. She said her current visit coincided with President Sisi’s decision to mark a number of Egyptian landmarks in the colors of the Chinese flag in a humanitarian gesture of solidarity with the Chinese people. The minster added the Egyptian people will soon join their Chinese brethren in their celebrations for eradicating the coronavirus, commending the effective precautionary measures taken by the Chinese government to protect the Chinese people and all humanity from the deadly virus. These measures have contributed to curbing the virus spread at the international level, Zayed said. In the past weeks, Egypt had upped preventive measures at all entry points nationwide to combat a global outbreak of the China originated disease. The epidemic has killed over 3,000 people worldwide, with the vast majority in mainland China. It has infected a near 90,000 globally, with infections hitting every continent except Antarctica.

Egypt detected late Sunday its second novel coronavirus case after a ‘foreigner’ tested positive for the disease, a joint statement by the health ministry and the World Health Organization (WHO) read. Health ministry spokesman Khaled Megahed said the foreigner was placed in an isolation hospital and was currently receiving needed medical treatment. Details about the patient’s nationality were not provided. Megahed said the case is stable, adding that the ministry is currently undertaking necessary preventive measures regarding those who were in contact with the case. WHO s Representative in Egypt John Jabbour praised the Egyptian government’s transparency and swiftness in dealing with the matter, hailing its keenness on reporting the suspected case to WHO. The announcement came hours after health minister Hala Zayed said at a press conference in Cairo International Airport ahead of travel to China that 1,443 people had been tested so far, with only one tested positive and later cleared on Thursday following recovery. In the past weeks, Egypt had upped preventive measures at all entry points nationwide to combat a global outbreak of the China originated disease. The epidemic has killed over 3,000 people worldwide, with the vast majority in mainland China. It has infected 88,000 globally, with infections hitting every continent except Antarctica.

Egypt s Interior Minister Mahmoud Tawfik underlined Saturday the need to activate bilateral and multilateral security coordination mechanisms among Arab security services in light of growing security challenges facing Arab countries. The minister explained that cooperation is needed to confront threats associated with the spread of extremist ideologies. Tawfik s statement came upon his arrival in Tunisia late Saturday to participate in the 37th session of the Council of Arab Interior Ministers, which kicks off 1 March in Tunis. The session will be attended by Arab interior ministers, high-level security delegations, as well as representatives from the European Union, Arab League, International Criminal Police Organisation (INTERPOL), the UN Counter-Terrorism Office, and the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, among others. The session is set to discuss a number of issues, including the criteria for listing and delisting on the Arab blacklist of terrorist perpetrators, masterminds and funders, and establishing a working force to monitor terrorist threats and analyse terrorist acts. The Egyptian interior minister was received at Tunis airport by his Tunisian counterpart. Minister Tawfik praised "the tireless efforts made by the Tunisian Ministry of Interior and the General Secretariat of the Council of Arab Interior Ministers for the success of the annual ministerial session."

The Chinese Embassy in Egypt held on Wednesday the first Chinese-Arab Diplomatic Salon on Coronavirus Crisis. The symposium, organised at Cairo s Conrad Hotel, was chaired by Deputy Chief of Mission at the Chinese Embassy in Cairo Xiao Junzheng, with the participation of the Director of Early Warning Unit at the Egyptian Cabinet s Information and Decision Support Centre (IDSC) Samaa Suleiman, political science professor at Cairo University Mohamed Kamal, professor of risk management at Cairo University Ghada Ali, and head of the Asian Studies Programme at Al-Ahram Centre for Political and Strategic Studies Mohamed Fayez Farahat. Xiao initially reviewed China s measures to combat the spread of the coronavirus epidemic. "China has mobilised its full efforts throughout all its provinces, and turned the fight into a popular war to prevent the spread of the virus and to eliminate it," Xiao said. The virus is believed to have originated in a market selling wildlife in the Chinese city of Wuhan late last year. China s National Health Commission (NHC) reported on Wednesday 406 new infections, down from 508 a day earlier, bringing the total number of confirmed cases in mainland China to 78,064. The death toll rose to 2,715. "A state of emergency has been declared in all Chinese provinces, and state resources are distributed across all the sectors where the virus has spread," Xiao said. He added that some people believe that because China has a strong economic foundation, it has successfully harnessed its capabilities and implemented all the measures to combat the virus; and that it is difficult for countries suffering economic challenges to do the same. "I personally disagree with this", Xiao continued, citing the Egyptian experience in eradicating bird flu (Avian influenza H5N1) in 2008-2009. "Egypt enforced a host of preventive measures, including isolation in schools and hospitals," in addition to raising the people s awareness at mosques, and urging patients to seek treatment, he said. Because coronavirus has become a global crisis, China is taking the opportunity to learn from successful experiences in this field, Xiao stated. Suleiman reviewed Egypt s efforts to fight the virus, in addition to the preventive and precautionary measures at airports and educational institutions. "Egypt was one of the first countries to send back, for free, its expats in Wuhan, and designated El-Negelah Central Hospital in Marsa Matrouh as a quarantine hospital to house the returnees," she said. Egypt hosts the first Chinese-Arab diplomatic salon on coronavirus http://english.ahram.org.eg/News/364265.aspx via @ahramonlineLast week, Health Minister Hala Zayed announced that Egypt has ended a 14-day quarantine for hundreds of Egyptians who had returned Wuhan, the epicentre of the coronavirus. Last week Egypt s Ministry of Health and the World Health Organisation (WHO) released a joint statement that said that the foreigner who was rumoured to be a carrier of the coronavirus in Egyp tested negative. Globalisation vs coronavirus "From the very beginning, China has taken a responsible attitude towards international cooperation. It has also balanced between the preventive and precautionary measures on one hand and international cooperation on the other," said Xiao. On Tuesday, China s foreign ministry said that Beijing is working closely with the governments of Japan and South Korea, which recorded the highest number of people infected with the virus in Asia outside China, to strengthen the countries joint response to the outbreak. Kamal said that globalisation is believed to have an important role in the fight against coronavirus. "Being a global crisis, there must be international cooperation to jointly combat the virus in addition to sharing and benefiting from other experiences," Kamal said. Earlier this month, Egypt s health ministry announced that Egypt provided China with 10 tons of preventive medical items, such as masks and alcoholic antiseptics, to help deal with the epidemic.

The body of former president Hosni Mubarak was airlifted on Wednesday to a mosque complex in the eastern New Cairo suburb where a military funeral service will be held in the afternoon. Mubarak, who ruled the country for 30 years until he was toppled in a popular revolt in 2011, died in hospital on Tuesday at the age of 91. Dozens of Mubarak s supporters, wearing black and carrying posters of the former leader, had gathered at the mosque in the early morning before funeral rituals started. Mubarak s body will be airlifted from the Mosheer Tantawy mosque to be buried at burial grounds in Cairo s Heliopolis district.

Egypt s former president Hosni Mubarak died in hospital at the age of 91 on Tuesday, sources told Ahram Online. Mubarak had entered the intensive care unit after undergoing surgery two weeks ago, his son Alaa and lawyer Farid El-Deeb announced earlier this month. The former president was ousted by a popular uprising that started in January 2011. The autocrat ruled Egypt from 1981 until 11 February 2011. Alaa Mubarak tweeted on 24 January that his 91-year-old father had undergone an operation and that his condition was “stable.” He provided no details about the surgery. Since his downfall, Mubarak stood trial in a number of criminal cases on various charges, but received only one final conviction on corruption charges in 2016, alongside his sons Alaa and Gamal. Mubarak had already served his sentence in detention while awaiting trial in other cases.

Egypt has welcomed the announcement of the formation of a coalition government in South Sudan, the foreign ministry said on Sunday. Rival South Sudanese leaders formed a coalition government on Sunday, and South Sudanese rebel leader Riek Machar was sworn in as first vice president to his rival President Salva Kiir. In its statement, the foreign affairs ministry said that Egypt hopes this step will prompt more efforts towards fully implementing the country’s peace agreement, in order to achieve lasting and comprehensive peace. The statement emphasised Egypt’s keenness on achieving stability in South Sudan and stressed that Egypt will continue supporting all conflict resolution efforts, in coordination with its regional and international partners. Civil war broke out in South Sudan in December 2013 due to conflict between Kiir and Machar. By August 2018, a final cease-fire and power-sharing agreement, followed by a peace agreement to end the civil war called the Revitalized Agreement on the Resolution of the Conflict in South Sudan, was signed by the government, the opposition party, and other rebel factions, following peace negotiations mediated by Uganda and Sudan. It is estimated that almost 400,000 people lost their lives during the war.

Egypt s former president, Hosni Mubarak, is still hospitalised in an intensive care unit after undergoing surgery two weeks ago, his eldest son Alaa tweeted Sunday. Alaa Mubarak tweeted 24 January that his 91-year-old father was operated on and that his condition was “stable.” He provided no details on the surgery. Mubarak was ousted by a popular uprising that started in January 2011. Mubarak ruled Egypt autocratically from 1981 until 11 February 2011. Since his downfall, Mubarak stood trial in a number of criminal cases on various charges, but received a final conviction only on corruption charges in 2016, alongside his sons Alaa and Gamal. Mubarak had already served his sentence in detention awaiting trial in other cases. On Saturday, Cairo Criminal Court acquitted Alaa and Gamal Mubarak, and others, in the case known in the media as "manipulating the stock exchange".

Egypt will resume flights to and from China starting next Thursday, flagship airliner EgyptAir said, three weeks after it announced it was suspending flights to China over the coronavirus outbreak. The national airliner will operate only one trip a week "due to demand on travel in both directions," it said in a statement on Thursday. The flight will run from Cairo to Beijing and Guangzhou, and back from Guangzhou and Beijing to Cairo. The company will continue to assess the situation to "take the necessary decisions as to increasing trips to the Chinese cities based on demand," it added. EgyptAir announced on 30 January it was suspending all flights to and from China, with the last Chinese tourist group in Egypt leaving on 4 February. The Egyptian airliner joined a number of airlines from around the world that grounded flights in the wake of the coronavirus outbreak, which has killed more than 2,000 people, including eight outside China, and infected more than 75,000 globally. On Wednesday, Egypt s health ministry and the World Health Organisation (WHO) said in a joint statement that the foreigner who was announced to be carrying the virus tested negative two days after he was quarantined in a hospital. Earlier this week, Egypt ended a 14-day quarantine for 302 Egyptian citizens who had returned home from the Chinese city of Wuhan, the epicentre of the coronavirus, after they tested negative for the virus.

EgyptAir received on Wednesday the second of 15 Airbus A320neo planes scheduled to join the national carrier s fleet, it said in a statement The 142-seat aircraft arrived at Cairo International Airport in the morning from Airbus s factory in Toulouse, France, the statement added. The first of the Airbus A320Neo planes was received by Egypt earlier this week; the airplane made its first passenger flight this morning to Abu Dhabi. The advanced and fuel-efficient single-aisle aircraft family delivers per seat fuel improvements of 20%. The A320neo also offers significant eco-friendly performance with around 50% reduction in noise footprint compared to previous generation aircraft. The civil aviation ministry had said the delivery makes EgyptAir the first company in the Middle East and Africa to operate both the Airbus A320Neo and Airbus A220 modern aircraft in its fleet . EgyptAir has a fleet of 70 long, medium and short haul aircrafts, according to the company s website.

Egypt s President Abdel-Fattah El-Sisi attended the inauguration of Military Factory 300 operating under Abu Zaabal Industries Company, specialising in small and medium-size ammunition. The president visited a number of production lines and talked with the engineers supervising the operations, Presidential Spokesman Bassam Rady said in a statement on Monday. The inauguration was attended by Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly, Armed Forces Commander-in-Chief Mohamed Zaki, Minister of Military Production Mohamed Al-Assar, Armed Forces Chief-of-Staff Mohamed Farid, and other ministers. According to the statement, the president also inaugurated, via video conference, a number of new military production projects in other military factories including Factory 144 in Banha, Factory 270 in Qaha, and Factory 999 in Helwan. Minister El-Assar said at the opening that his ministry s main goal is to secure the army s needs of ammunition and equipment. The approach adopted by El-Sisi is to acquire the latest techniques in armament, El-Assar said, adding that "our target now is to manufacture arms locally despite looming challenges." El-Assar reviewed his ministry s achievements since 2014, saying that it is regarded as the primary source of armament for the Egyptian Armed Forces that seeks to serve the economy and support development projects within the framework of Egypt s Vision 2030.

Egypt has ended a 14-day quarantine for hundreds of Egyptian citizens who had returned home from the Chinese city of Wuhan, the epicenter of the coronavirus, Health Minister Hala Zayed announced in a press conference. Zayed said that all tests conducted on the 302 Egyptian citizens during the 14-day period, which is how long it takes for the disease to incubate, have shown that they are free of the virus or any other infectious diseases. The Egyptian government had designated El-Negelah Central Hospital in Marsa Matrouh as a quarantine hospital to house the returnees. The ministry has already taken the citizens back to their residences in Cairo and Alexandria on buses. The announcement comes two weeks after Egypt sent a special jet to bring back hundreds of Egyptian nationals from Wuhan as the epidemic caused a global scare. Last Friday, Egypt confirmed its first coronavirus case in the country, adding that the ill person was a foreigner, without giving further details. The person tested positive for the quick-spreading virus but had no symptoms, health ministry spokesman Khaled Megahed said over the weekend, adding that he had been quarantined in a hospital. This is the first reported case in Africa amid the outbreak of the epidemic which killed 1,770 since December, with over 70,000 infected globally, with the vast majority in mainland China.

The American University in Cairo (AUC) is celebrating the beginning of its second century by ‎organising a vibrant programme of events at its New Cairo campus from 15 to 19 February.‎ The president of the university, Francis Joseph Ricciardone told Ahram ‎Online: “AUC’s message from the centennial celebrations is that we are deeply rooted in this ‎country. We are committed to this country for the next 100 years.” ‎ Ricciardone added: “Egypt is great place. It is worthy to invest in its people. We hope other investors will ‎follow in our footsteps in education in particular.”‎ Riccardone appointed the 12th AUC president 1 July 2016. The AUC Board of Trustees ‎unanimously voted to renew its tenure for a second four-year term starting July 2020. ‎ ‎“We have the freedom to do what we think is right and get support from people who share that ‎vision. AUC has many donors, from individuals and some foundations, and pursues diverse cooperations,” Riccardone ‎continued. He added that AUC stays out of politics and supports the programmes of the ‎Egyptian government in improving the quality of higher education.‎ Through this year, AUC is focusing on the future and its plans for the next 100 ‎years, under the slogan "Be the Future." Riccardone stated that AUC s mission is to bring together great minds, and break down the barriers of ‎culture, religion, history and politics that separate people and cause distrust of one another. ‎‎ “People together from different disciplines and experiences can solve great problems of the ‎world,” he said‎. AUC moved 12 years ago from Tahrir Square to its new campus in New Cairo. “We have enough space (in New Cairo) to build for the future. ‎AUC completed phase one, focusing on the architecture of the campus. Now, we are going to tackle ‎phase two.”‎ Ricciardone will meet Monday with Egyptian Prime Minister Mostafa Madbouly to discuss ‎government priorities in education. Ricciardone concluded: ‎“We cannot predict what the future will bring. We must invest in our people and in ‎education. The future is full of opportunities beyond our dreams and full of threats and ‎challenges that lie under our deepest fears.”‎

Egypt will set up a 210 million euro ($228 million) facility north of Cairo that will convert rice straw into wood, the oil ministry said in a statement on Thursday, in a bid limit air pollution resulting from its burning. The plant, in the Nile Delta s Beheira, will produce 205,000 square meters a year of medium-density fiberboards (MDF), using technologies by Germany s plant engineering firm Siempelkamp, which will help carry out the project. Burning agricultural waste, mostly rice straw, has for years posed a major environmental challenge and caused severe air pollution in the already highly-polluted country. Experts have said rice straw has plenty of potential uses. A deal for the project was signed on Thursday between newly-established state wood technology company WOTECH and state-owned oil firm Petrojet during an international energy conference in Cairo. Another agreement was signed with the German firm. The project will help support government s efforts "to transform rice straw from an environmental challenge into an economic opportunity," the ministry said. It is part of the ministry s plans to expand in the petrochemical industry and set up new projects to provide main production materials for many local industries, the ministry said. The project was first announced in October. The ministry said at the time it is the first of its kind in Africa and the Middle East and the second globally after the United States. The plant will produce high-quality local products that will be used in various sectors like furniture, construction, and decoration, the ministry added. The project s shareholders include the Egyptian Petrochemicals Holding Company, the Egyptian General Petroleum Corporation, SEDPC company, and Petrojet.

Egyptian Foreign Minister Sameh Shoukry and US President Donald Trump s national security adviser Robert O Brien agreed to strengthen Egyptian-US coordination on Middle East issues, mainly in Syria and Libya . Shoukry and O Brien s met Tuesday in Washington, which Shoukry is visiting for a final round of talks on a massive hydropower dam Ethiopia is building on the Nile river. The two leaders agreed to bolster cooperation on regional issues, namely in war-torn Syria and Libya, including combating terrorism and curbing the movement of terrorist fighters to Libya and further into other African countries, Egypt s foreign ministry said in a statement early on Wednesday. The pair stressed on the need to "intensify discussions and cooperation to reinforce security and stability across the African continent and completely eliminate terrorism," the statement added. Shoukry and O Brien also tackled means to enhance bilateral relations, and discussed recent developments in negotiations on the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) and efforts by the US administration to hammer out an agreement between Ethiopia and downstream countries of Egypt and Sudan. Egypt fears the mega project would diminish its water supplies from the Nile.